Glossary

آری

آری (âri) is the literary and formal Persian word for yes, a pure Persian alternative to بله. It appears in poetry, formal writing, and ceremonial speech, and survives in آری گفتن and آری یا نه.

خاموش کردن

خاموش کردن (khâmush kardan) means to turn off, silence, or extinguish in Persian. It covers phones, lights, fires, and noise. Khâmush shodan means to go out or fall silent.

خفه

خفه (khafe) means shut up in colloquial Persian, or choked, stifled, silent. Khafe sho is the blunt imperative. It also describes a stuffy room or a silenced person.

قبرستان

قبرستان (ghaborestân) means cemetery or graveyard in Persian. It combines Arabic ghabbr (grave) with the Persian place-suffix -estân, literally a place of graves.

عذرخواهی

عذرخواهی (ozrkhâhi) means apology or asking for forgiveness in Persian. Ozrkhâhi kardan means to apologize, and ozrkhâhi mikonam means I apologize.

فرض

فرض (farz) means assumption or supposition in everyday Persian, and also an obligatory religious duty in Islamic usage. Farz kon means let’s suppose or assume.

تشویق

تشویق (tashvigh) means encouragement, praise, or applause in Persian. Tashvigh kardan means to encourage or applaud, and the word covers both emotional support and the sound of clapping.

جماعت

جماعت (jamâ’at) means a group of people, community, or congregation in Persian. It appears in نماز جماعت (congregational prayer) and colloquially as این جماعت (these people).

ظرف

ظرف (zarf) means dish, bowl, or container in Persian, covering any vessel that holds things. It also appears in the phrase ظرف ده دقیقه, meaning within ten minutes.

اسباب‌کشی

اسباب‌کشی (asbâb-keshi) means moving house, the whole process of packing belongings and relocating to a new home. Asbâb-keshi kardan means to move house.

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