Glossary

هرچه

هرچه (harche) means whatever or anything that in Persian. It also drives the common correlative pattern هرچه بیشتر, هرچه بهتر, meaning the more the better, which appears constantly in everyday speech.

لازم

لازم (lâzem) means necessary or needed in Persian. Borrowed from Arabic, it appears in the fixed phrase لازم است meaning it is necessary and as a standalone adjective for what must be done.

بفرما

بفرما (befarma) is one of the most useful polite expressions in Persian. It means please go ahead, here you are, or come in, and is used constantly when offering, inviting, or deferring to someone.

آخه

آخه (âkhe) is a colloquial filler that softens complaints or introduces a justification. It sits between but and you see in meaning and has no direct English equivalent.

مورد

مورد (mowred) is one of the most versatile words in Persian, meaning case, instance, or subject. The phrase در مورد (dar mowred) is the everyday way to say about or regarding something.

اشتباه

اشتباه (eshtebâh) means mistake, error, or wrong. It works as both a noun and an adjective in Persian, and اشتباه کردن is the everyday verb phrase meaning to make a mistake.

قربان

قربان (qorbân) means sacrifice but functions as an honorific in Persian. قربان شما and its colloquial forms express deep respect or affection as part of the ta’ârof system of polite speech.

دیر

دیر (dir) means late in Persian. This pure Persian adverb describes arriving after the expected time and anchors the common verb phrases دیر کردن (to be late) and دیر شدن (it got late).

نخیر

نخیر (nakhir) is an emphatic no in Persian, stronger and more deliberate than the everyday نه. It signals firm correction or polite definite refusal, most common in formal speech.

بقیه

بقیه (baghiye) means the rest, the others, or the remainder. It is the standard word for whatever is left over, used for both people and things in everyday Persian.

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