Glossary

شما

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Shomâ is the formal/plural “you” in Persian. Use it with strangers, elders, in-laws, and anyone where respect is non-negotiable. Foundation A1 vocabulary.

درود

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درود (dorud) means “hello, greetings”, Pure Persian alternative to Arabic سلام (salâm).

آتشکده

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آتشکده (âtashkade) means “fire temple”, Zoroastrian house of worship. Pure Persian, sacred.

کلیسا

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کلیسا (kelisâ) means “church”, Christian house of worship. Greek origin, ancient in Iran.

کنشت

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کنشت (kanesht) means “synagogue”, Jewish house of worship in Persian. Aramaic origin.

مسجد

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مسجد (masjed) means “mosque”, Islamic place of worship. Same root gives English “mosque” via Arabic.

حرام

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حرام (harâm) means “forbidden” in Islamic law. The antonym of حلال, also used as “wasted, ruined”.

حلال

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حلال (halâl) means “permitted” in Islamic law, applies to food, money, conduct.

روزه

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روزه (ruze) means “fasting”, abstaining from food and drink during Ramadan from dawn to sunset.

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