خشک
خشک (khoshk) means dry, arid, or harsh in Persian. A pure-Persian adjective from Middle Persian xushk, it covers everything from parched land to a humourless personality.
Glossary
سبک
سبک (sabok / sabk) covers two separate meanings: light in weight, from native Persian, and style or manner, borrowed from Arabic. Knowing which reading is intended depends on context.
جوان
جوان (javân) means young or youth in Persian. It is a native Iranian word cognate with Latin juvenis and English young, used both as an adjective and as a noun meaning a young person.
آهسته
آهسته (âheste) means slow, quiet, or gentle in Persian. It functions as both an adjective and an adverb, descending from Middle Persian âhastak, and is one of the first words Persian learners encounter.
تیره
تیره (tireh) means dark, gloomy, or dim in Persian. It describes both low physical light and a heavy, troubled mood, and it descends directly from Middle Persian tīrag without Arabic influence.
کهن
کهن (kohan) means ancient, old, or archaic in Persian. It carries a sense of deep historical age and is used in formal and literary contexts to describe civilisations, texts, or traditions.
تازه
تازه (tâze) means fresh, new, or recent in Persian. A native Middle Persian word, it applies to food, news, and newly arrived people or things, and it also serves as an adverb meaning just now or only recently.
تنگ
تنگ (tang) means narrow, tight, or cramped in Persian. A native Middle Persian word, it describes constricted physical spaces and also appears in emotional and idiomatic expressions about pressure and difficulty.
پهن
پهن (pahn) means wide, broad, or flat in Persian. A native Middle Persian word, it describes surfaces that spread horizontally and also appears in the everyday verb پهن کردن, meaning to spread something out.
کوتاه
کوتاه (kutâh) means short or brief in Persian. A native Middle Persian word, it describes both physical shortness in height and brevity in time or length, and it is the direct antonym of بلند (boland).