Glossary

شادی

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شادی (shâdi) means “joy, happiness”. Pure Persian. Often paired with غم as life’s two halves.

غم

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غم (gham) means “sadness, grief”. Arabic loanword, heavy, lyrical, the signature emotion of Persian poetry.

درد

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درد (dard) means “pain, suffering”. Pure Persian, foundational for medical and emotional contexts.

آرزو

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آرزو (ârezu) means “wish, hope, longing”. Pure Persian, also a popular girl’s name.

عاشق

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عاشق (âsheq) means “lover, in love”. Arabic-origin word inseparable from Persian poetry.

باحال

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باحال (bâ-hâl) means “cool, fun, awesome”. Tehran youth slang built from “with-mood”.

برخاستن

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برخاستن (barkhâstan) means “to rise, stand up”. Literary verb of motion; spoken: بلند شدن.

بستن

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بستن (bastan) means “to close, tie, fasten”. Regular Persian verb. Antonym of باز کردن.

باز کردن

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باز کردن (bâz kardan) means “to open, to undo, to untie”. Foundational compound verb.

تمام کردن

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تمام کردن (tamâm kardan) means “to finish, to complete”. Arabic-Persian hybrid compound verb.

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