توقیف
توقیف (toqif) means seizure, confiscation, or impounding (of assets or vehicle). Borrowed from Arabic, it is the standard legal term for when authorities take hold of assets, documents, or a vehicle by official order.
Glossary
حکم اعدام
حکم اعدام (hokm-e edâm) means death sentence or capital sentence in Persian. Both components are Arabic loanwords forming the standard legal and journalistic term for a court-ordered execution.
مذاکره صلح
مذاکره صلح (mozâkere-ye solh) means peace negotiation or mediation talks in Persian. Both words are Arabic loanwords widely used in diplomatic, political, and legal contexts across the Persian-speaking world.
شاهد احضار
شاهد احضار (shâhed-e ehzâr) means a subpoenaed or officially summoned witness in Persian. Both words are Arabic loanwords used in the formal legal register when a court compels a witness to appear.
سند مالکیت
سند مالکیت (sanad-e mâlekiyyat) means title deed or property ownership document in Persian. Both components are Arabic loanwords and together form the standard legal term for proof of property ownership.
اقرار
اقرار (eqrâr) means confession or admission of guilt in Persian law. Borrowed from Arabic, it is the standard legal term for a defendant’s own acknowledgment of wrongdoing before a court.
جریمه نقدی
جریمه نقدی (jarime-ye naqdi) means a monetary fine or cash penalty (traffic or legal fine). Both components are borrowed from Arabic: jarime (offense, fine) and naqdi (cash, relating to ready money), making this an all-Arabic compound fully integrated into Persian legal and everyday speech.
استنطاق
استنطاق (estentâq) means interrogation or police questioning in Persian. Borrowed directly from Arabic, it is a Form X verbal noun from the root ن-ط-ق (speech), and it names the formal process of questioning a suspect or witness under legal authority.
کارآگاه
کارآگاه (kârâgâh) means detective or private investigator. A native Persian compound built from kâr (work) and âgâh (aware or informed), it describes someone who investigates crimes and is the standard word for detective in both fiction and formal usage.
زندانی سیاسی
زندانی سیاسی (zendâni-ye siyâsi) means political prisoner in Persian. The noun زندانی (prisoner) derives from the Persian زندان (prison), while سیاسی (political) comes from the Arabic-rooted سیاست, making this a mixed-origin phrase widely used in human rights contexts.