عسل
عسل (asal) means honey in Persian. Borrowed from Arabic, where it shares the triliteral root ع-س-ل. The older native Persian word for honey is انگبین (angebin); شهد (shahd) is itself an Arabic loanword.
Glossary
الاغ
الاغ (olâgh) means donkey in Persian. It is a Turkic-Mongol loanword, borrowed during the Mongol era, when the native Persian word for donkey is خر (khar).
خروس
خروس (khurus) means rooster or cockerel, the adult male domestic chicken. The word comes from Middle Persian xrōs and is one of the oldest farmyard terms in the Persian language.
باغ میوه
باغ میوه (bâgh-e mive) means orchard or fruit garden. Both باغ (garden) and میوه (fruit) are native Persian words, and together they name the tree-fruit farms so central to Iranian rural life.
زمین کشاورزی
زمین کشاورزی (zamin-e keshâvarzi) means agricultural land or farmland. Both components are native Persian, making this a fully Persian compound for land used to grow crops or raise livestock.
کود
کود (kud) means fertilizer or manure. Whether organic dung from livestock or chemical granules, this everyday Persian word covers all substances added to soil to help crops grow.
شخم
شخم (shokhm) means plowing or tilling the soil. It is the foundational step in Persian farming, turning earth before planting, and the word itself is native to the Persian agricultural vocabulary.
درو
درو (derow) means harvest or the act of reaping grain. A core agricultural term used across Iran to describe the cutting and gathering of crops, especially wheat and barley.
بذر
بذر (bazr) means “seed” in the sense of grain or plant material set aside for planting. It is an Arabic loanword from the root b-dh-r meaning to scatter seed, used in formal and agricultural Persian.
آبیاری
آبیاری (âbyâri) means “irrigation,” the practice of supplying water to crops. It is a native Persian compound formed from âb (water) and yâri (helping), both native Iranian roots.