تفریق
تفریق (tafriq) means “subtraction” in Persian math. Borrowed from Arabic, it belongs to the Form II verb pattern denoting separation. Used in school arithmetic and everyday language.
Glossary
صفر
صفر (sefr) means “zero” in Persian. Borrowed from Arabic sifr, which itself was a translation of the Sanskrit concept of emptiness. Used in math, scores, and everyday counting.
دنیا
دنیا (donyâ) is an Arabic loanword meaning the world or this earthly life. From Arabic dunya, the nearer world set against the hereafter, it is one of the earliest Arabic words absorbed into Persian.
مرزبندی
مرزبندی (marzbandi) is a pure Persian compound meaning demarcation or border delineation. It combines marz (border) and bandi (arrangement), used in political geography and formal writing.
فاصله
فاصله (fâsele) is an Arabic loanword meaning distance, gap, or interval. From the root ف-ص-ل meaning to separate, it is one of the most common everyday words in modern Persian.
آبراه
آبراه (âb-râh) is a pure Persian compound meaning waterway or channel, formed from âb (water) and râh (way). It appears in geography, engineering, and classical poetry.
شمال غرب
شمال غرب (shomâl-e gharb) means northwest: the compass direction between north and west. Both components are Arabic loanwords used daily in Persian geography, weather, and navigation. CEFR A2.
جنوب شرق
جنوب شرق (jonub-e shargh) means southeast: the compass direction midway between south and east. Both components are Arabic loanwords. Common in geography, news, and everyday directions. CEFR A2.
چشمانداز
چشمانداز (cheshmandâz) means landscape, vista, or outlook: what the eye takes in from a given point. Built from two pure Persian roots, cheshm (eye) and andaz (throw, cast). CEFR B2.
تاریخ جغرافیایی
تاریخ جغرافیایی (târikh-e joghrâfiyâyi) means historical geography: the study of how places, borders, and landscapes have changed through time. Formal academic register, CEFR C1.