سرخ کردن
سرخ کردن (sorkh kardan) means to fry in oil. A staple technique in Persian cooking, used for onions, meat, and vegetables before adding other ingredients.
Glossary
چکش
چکش (chakkosh) means hammer. A native Persian word with roots going back to Avestan cakuš, originally meaning battle-axe. One of the most common tools named in everyday Persian speech and in proverbs.
فلاسک
فلاسک (flâsk) means thermos or vacuum flask, borrowed from French or English. It refers specifically to an insulated bottle that keeps drinks hot or cold for hours, distinct from a plain water bottle (qomqome).
قمقمه
قمقمه (qomqome) means water bottle, canteen, or flask. Borrowed into Middle Persian from Aramaic, it refers to a reusable container for carrying water or other drinks, common in schools, hikes, and daily life.
دستمال کاغذی
دستمال کاغذی (dastmâl-kâghazi) means tissue or paper napkin. It is a compound of the Persian-root word dastmâl and kâghaz, which traces back through Sogdian to Chinese, making the full compound a cross-origin word.
اسپری
اسپری (esperey) means spray or aerosol, borrowed from English into Persian. It covers everything from air fresheners to hair spray to insecticide, and is a common word at CEFR A2 level.
وایتکس
وایتکس (vâyteks) is the everyday Persian word for bleach, borrowed from the English brand name Whitex. It is used in most Iranian households for disinfecting and whitening laundry and surfaces.
پودر لباسشویی
پودر لباسشویی (pudr-e lebas-shui) means laundry detergent powder. The compound mixes پودر, a French loanword, with لباس from Arabic and شویی from native Persian, making it a true cross-origin household term.
مایع ظرفشویی
مایع ظرفشویی (maye-e zarf-shui) means dish soap or washing-up liquid. The compound pulls from three sources: مایع and ظرف are both Arabic-origin words, while شویی is native Persian for washing.
قالیشویی
قالیشویی (qali-shui) means a professional carpet-cleaning service. The compound blends قالی, a word that entered Persian through Turkic usage, with شویی, the pure Persian suffix for washing.