اسهال
اسهال (es-hâl) means diarrhea. Borrowed from Arabic إسهال (is-hâl), from the root سَهَلَ meaning to flow easily or be loose. Used in both medical and everyday Persian without a register split.
Glossary
آنفولانزا
آنفولانزا (ânfolânzâ) means flu or influenza. The word entered Persian from Italian influenza via French, following the path most European medical terms took into Iranian usage. Used in both formal medical and everyday speech across Iran.
سرماخوردگی
سرماخوردگی (sarmâkhordegi) means a cold, the common respiratory illness. Fully Persian: سرما means cold and خوردگی comes from خوردن, meaning to be struck by. So literally being struck by cold.
دیسک کمر
دیسک کمر (disk-e kamar) means a herniated or slipped disc in the lower back. دیسک is borrowed from English, while کمر is a native Persian word for the waist and lower back.
سرطان
سرطان (saratân) means cancer. Borrowed from Arabic سَرَطَان, which originally meant crab, the same root behind the zodiac sign Cancer. Now used for all types of malignant disease.
زخم معده
زخم معده (zakhm-e me’de) means stomach ulcer. زخم is a Persian word for wound, and معده is Arabic for stomach. Together they name a sore that forms in the stomach lining.
سکته
سکته (sekte) is an Arabic-origin noun meaning “stroke” or “heart attack” in Persian. From the Arabic root meaning “sudden stillness,” it covers both cerebral stroke and cardiac arrest in everyday Iranian speech.
کمخونی
کمخونی (kam-khuni) is a pure Persian compound noun meaning “anemia,” literally “little-bloodedness.” It is built from کم (kam, little) and خون (khun, blood) and is understood in all registers.
التهاب
التهاب (eltehâb) is a formal Arabic-origin medical noun meaning “inflammation.” It describes the body’s redness, swelling, and heat response to injury or infection, and it appears mostly in clinical and written registers.
عفونت
عفونت (ofunat) is an Arabic-origin noun meaning “infection.” It is the standard everyday and clinical term in Persian for bacterial, viral, or fungal infections and is used across all registers.