محکم
محکم (mohkam) means firm, solid, or strong in Persian. It is borrowed from Arabic, from the root ح-ک-م (h-k-m) relating to judgment and soundness. It is extremely common in everyday spoken Persian across all registers.
Glossary
ابریشم خام
ابریشم خام (abresham-e khâm) means raw silk in Persian. Both words are inherited from Middle Persian and Proto-Iranian roots, making this a fully native Persian compound used in textile and craft contexts.
بلورین
بلورین (boluri) means crystal-clear or crystalline in Persian. The root بلور traces back through Middle Persian to Sanskrit vaidūrya (and Pali veḷuriya), later entering Arabic and re-entering Persian reinforced through that route. It describes both literal crystal objects and glass-like clarity.
مس
مس (mes) means copper in Persian. One of the oldest metal names in the language, it descends from Middle Persian and names the reddish metal central to Iranian craft traditions.
سیمان
سیمان (simân) means cement in Persian. It is a modern loanword from French “ciment”, adopted in the twentieth century alongside industrial construction methods.
نقش
نقش (naqsh) means pattern, motif, or design in Persian. Borrowed from Arabic, it is the key word for decorative motifs in Persian carpets, tilework, and architecture.
روشن
روشن (rowshan) means light, bright, or clear in Persian. This native Iranian word covers physical brightness as well as mental clarity and is the antonym of تاریک (dark).
تاریک
تاریک (târik) means dark or dim in Persian. It is a native Iranian word descended from Middle Persian and applies to light, mood, and abstract ideas alike.
سفید برف
سفید برف (sefid-e barf) means “snow white” in Persian, a vivid color comparison built from two native Iranian words for white and snow.
لاستیک
لاستیک (lâstik) means rubber or tyre in colloquial Persian, borrowed via Turkish from French elastique, and used in daily speech far more than the formal word kauchuk.