Glossary

بلند شدن

بلند شدن (boland shodan) means “to stand up” or “to rise” in Persian. Both components are native Persian words, making this a fully native compound verb used in everyday physical and figurative contexts.

چرخیدن

چرخیدن (charkhidan) means “to turn,” “to spin,” or “to revolve” in Persian. Derived from the native Persian word چرخ (wheel), it describes rotation, wandering, and circular motion in daily speech.

انداختن

انداختن (andâkhtan) means “to throw” or “to drop” in Persian. A native Persian verb, it covers both deliberate throwing and accidental dropping, and appears in many everyday compound expressions.

ماندن

ماندن (mândan) means “to stay” or “to remain” in Persian. A native Persian verb from Middle Persian, it is used daily for staying in a place, being left over, and persistence.

شدن

شدن (shodan) means “to become” in Persian. One of the most used verbs in the language, it appears in compound verbs and daily speech at every level.

درآوردن

درآوردن (dar-âvardan) means to take off clothing or to produce or pull something out. It is a Persian prefix-verb formed from the directional particle در (dar) plus آوردن (âvardan, to bring).

دادن

دادن (dâdan) means to give. One of the oldest and most frequent verbs in Persian, it forms dozens of compound verbs and shares a distant common ancestor with Latin dare and English “donate.”

گرفتن

گرفتن (gereftan) means to take, receive, or catch. It is a high-frequency Persian light verb that forms compound expressions for everything from taking a shower to catching a cold.

آوردن

آوردن (âvardan) means to bring something toward the speaker. It is the directional counterpart to بردن (bordan, to take away) and is among the first ten verbs any Persian learner must know.

بردن

بردن (bordan) means to take or carry something away from the speaker. It is paired with آوردن (âvardan, to bring) and together they form a directional pair essential for A1 Persian.

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