کوه
کوه (kuh) means “mountain.” Iran is mountainous: Alborz, Zagros, and Damavand at 5,610 meters.
Foundation Concrete Noun
سنگ
سنگ (sang) means “stone.” Pure Persian, the root of dozens of compounds from gravestones to marble.
گل
گل (gol) means “flower.” Also “the best of something,” and a popular nickname. One of Persian’s most loaded words.
درخت
درخت (derakht) means “tree.” Pure Persian, A1, the productive root for every kind of tree compound.
حیاط
حیاط (hayât) means “yard” or “courtyard,” the open inner space at the heart of a traditional Iranian house.
باغ
باغ (bâgh) means “garden.” The Persian Garden is a UNESCO architectural form going back 2,500 years.
پلکان
پلکان (pelekân) means “staircase,” a literary cousin of the everyday راهپله. Pure Persian, slightly formal.
آسانسور
آسانسور (âsânsor) means “elevator,” a French loanword from ascenseur. Apartment-life vocabulary in modern Iran.
اتاق مهمان
اتاق مهمان (otâq-e mehmân) means “guest room” in Persian. In Iranian culture, having one ready is non-negotiable, even in a small apartment.