Glossary

فیلم‌نامه

Film-name is the Persian word for screenplay, the foundation of Iran’s globally respected screenwriting tradition from Farhadi to Kiarostami.

کارگردانی

Kargardani is the craft of film direction as a profession, the abstract noun from kargardan, used when Iranians talk about directing as an art.

نی‌انبان

Ney-anban is the bagpipe of southern Iran, native to Bushehr and Hormozgan, carrier of the African-influenced rhythms of the Persian Gulf coast.

سرنا

Sorna is the loud double-reed oboe of Iran, the outdoor instrument of weddings, processions, and the historic naqareh-khane military bands.

دایره

Dayere is the Persian frame drum, the oldest of Iran’s percussion instruments, often played by women in folk and household contexts.

تنبک

Tonbak is the Persian goblet drum, the rhythmic centerpiece of any classical ensemble, redefined by Hossein Tehrani in the twentieth century.

تنبور

Tanbur is an older long-necked lute, sacred to the Ahl-e Haqq of Kurdistan, played in religious ceremonies rather than secular concerts.

سه‌تار

Setar is the quietest of Persian classical instruments, a four-string long-necked lute played with the fingernail of the index finger.

ترانه

Tarane is the everyday word for a song or ballad in Persian, covering everything from classical lyric poetry to modern Iranian pop hits.

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