صورتحساب
صورتحساب (surat-hesâb) means the bill or check at a restaurant. Both components, surat and hesab, come from Arabic, making this a fully Arabic-origin compound used in everyday Persian.
Glossary
فلفل دلمه ای
فلفل دلمه ای (felfel dolme-i) means bell pepper in Persian. The name is a compound: felfel from Arabic and dolme from Turkic, literally meaning the pepper used for stuffing.
کلم
کلم (kalam) means cabbage in Persian. The word traces back to Ancient Greek krambe through Middle Persian, making it one of the older food loanwords in the language.
اسفناج
اسفناج (esfenâj) means spinach in Persian. The word is originally Iranian: a Middle Persian form gave rise to both modern Persian esfenâj and Arabic esfânâkh, and from Arabic it spread into European languages including Spanish and English.
کدو
کدو (kadu) means squash or zucchini in Persian. It is a native Iranian word with Old Iranian roots, used for several related gourds depending on context and region.
بادمجان
بادمجان (bâdemjân) means eggplant or aubergine in Persian. The word is ultimately of Iranian origin: an early Persian form reached Arabic as bâdhinjân, and from Arabic spread further into Turkish and European languages. A staple of Iranian cooking.
هویج
هویج (haveej) means carrot in Persian. The word is borrowed from Arabic, derived from حوائج القدر (hawā’ij al-qidr), meaning kitchen necessities or provisions of the cooking pot, and may have reached Persian via Turkish havuç.
کاهو
کاهو (kâhu) means lettuce in Persian. It is a native Persian word with roots in Middle Persian, used for the crisp leafy green eaten raw in salads and alongside grilled meats.
مربا
مربا (morabbâ) means jam or fruit preserve in Persian. The word is borrowed from Arabic, built on the root r-b-b meaning to raise or cultivate, referring to preserved or conditioned food.
لیمو ترش
لیمو ترش (limu torsh) means sour lime in Persian. It is a compound: limu is an ancient wanderwort reaching Persian via Sanskrit nimbū, which was itself borrowed from an Austroasiatic language, while torsh (sour) is native Persian.