قاره
قاره (qâre) means “continent” in Persian. It is a loanword from Arabic qārra and is the standard term used in geography education, maps, and news throughout the Persian-speaking world.
Glossary
بیابان
بیابان (biyâbân) means “desert” or “wilderness” in Persian. It descends from Middle Persian wiyābān and appears in poetry, proverbs, and everyday speech to describe vast, empty landscapes.
پایتخت
پایتخت (pâytakht) means “capital city” in Persian. A compound of pâ (foot) and takht (throne), it is used in both formal geography and everyday conversation.
خاک حاصلخیز
خاک حاصلخیز (khâk-e hâselkhiz) means fertile soil. خاک (soil, earth) is pure Persian, while حاصلخیز blends the Arabic-origin حاصل (yield, produce) with the native Persian suffix خیز (producing, rising). Together they describe land that gives abundant crops.
غله
غله (ghalle) means grain or cereals as a collective category, covering wheat, barley, rice, and similar staple crops. The word comes from Arabic ghallah, meaning agricultural yield or produce, and is widely used in formal and farming contexts.
کانال آب
کانال آب (kânâl-e âb) means an irrigation canal or water channel. کانال is borrowed from French via Italian and Latin, while آب (water) is pure Persian. Together they name the man-made channels that carry water to farmland.
ماشین درو
ماشین درو (mâshin-e derow) means a combine harvester or harvesting machine. It blends the French loanword ماشین (machine) with the native Persian word درو (reaping, harvesting). Used in agriculture to describe mechanized grain cutting.
مرغداری
مرغداری (morgh-dâri) means a poultry farm, a place where chickens and other birds are raised for eggs or meat. Both parts of the word are native Persian: مرغ (bird, chicken) and داری (keeping, rearing).
دام
دام (dâm) means livestock or farm animals as a group. The word comes from Old Iranian and Avestan roots, where it referred to living creatures. Today it covers cattle, sheep, goats, and other farm animals raised for food or work.
پیوند
پیوند (peyvand) means graft, bond, or connection in Persian. It covers both the horticultural act of grafting a plant and the abstract sense of a tie between people, ideas, or things.