قاضی
Ghazi means “judge” in Persian, an Arabic-origin term central to the Iranian judicial system. Many Iranian judges are clerics trained in Shia seminaries.
Glossary
وکیل
Vakil means “lawyer” in modern Persian, though the original Arabic sense is broader: agent, representative, proxy. Standard term in Iranian legal practice.
بستنی
بستنی (bastani) means “ice cream.” Native Persian word from “bastan” (to bind). Bastani-e sonati, with saffron and rosewater, is Iran’s signature dessert.
انگور
انگور (angur) means “grapes.” Native Persian word from a region that has cultivated grapes for thousands of years, with named varieties from Shiraz to Tabriz.
موز
موز (moz) means “banana.” Arabic loanword (موز, mawz) for an imported tropical fruit. Standard Iranian fruit-bowl item, no heavy cultural load.
هندوانه
هندوانه (hendevâne, spoken hendoone) means “watermelon.” Centerpiece of Yalda night, the longest night of the year.
سیبزمینی
سیبزمینی (sib-zamini) means “potato,” literally “earth-apple.” A 19th-century Persian coinage modeled on French pomme de terre.
خیار
خیار (khiyâr) means “cucumber.” Arabic loanword. In Iran the cucumber is small, thin, eaten as a snack with salt or in salad-shirazi.
گوجه
گوجه (gojeh) is the everyday word for “tomato,” short for گوجهفرنگی (“European plum”), reflecting the fruit’s late arrival to Iran.
سیر
سیر (sir) means “garlic.” Native Persian word, also a homonym for “full, satisfied.” Iran’s prized aged garlic pickle is a regional treasure.