واجب
واجب (vâjeb) is the Arabic-origin Islamic law term for an obligatory religious duty. Performing it earns reward and neglecting it is a sin, making it the highest category in fiqh.
Glossary
مباح
مباح (mobâh) is an Arabic Islamic law term for a neutral act, one that is neither rewarded nor punished. It is the middle category in the five-level fiqh classification.
مکروه
مکروه (makruh) is an Arabic Islamic law term for an act that is discouraged but not forbidden. Doing it brings no punishment, yet avoiding it is considered virtuous.
رساله
رساله (resâle) is an Arabic-origin word for the written jurisprudence guide published by a Grand Ayatollah, covering the rules of Islamic practice a follower must observe.
مرجع
مرجع (marja’) is the Arabic-origin title for a Grand Ayatollah whose legal rulings Shia Muslims follow in matters of religious practice and daily life.
خمس
خمس (khoms) is an Arabic-origin term for the one-fifth religious tax in Shia Islam, paid on net annual surplus to a marja or their designated recipients. C1 level, sacred register.
زکات
زکات (zakat) is an Arabic-origin word meaning obligatory almsgiving in Islam. It is one of the Five Pillars and is distinct from voluntary charity. B2 level, sacred register.
صدقه
صدقه (sadaqe) is an Arabic-origin word used in Persian for voluntary charity or alms given for the sake of God. B1 level, neutral to sacred register.
توبه
توبه (towbe) is an Arabic-origin word meaning repentance in Persian. It describes the act of turning back to God after wrongdoing. B1 level, sacred register.
اهل بیت
اهل بیت (ahl-e beyt) is an Arabic phrase meaning the household of the Prophet Muhammad. It holds deep sacred significance in both Sunni and Shia Islam.