جوراب
جوراب (jurâb) means “sock” in Persian. Once your shoes come off at the door, this is what an Iranian host actually sees.
Foundation Concrete Noun
شلوار
شلوار (shalvâr) means “trousers” in Persian. The word covers everything from loose pajama pants to formal office trousers.
پیراهن
پیراهن (pirâhan) means “shirt” in Persian. The everyday word, used for both men’s button-up shirts and traditional cuts.
نوزاد
Nowzâd means newborn or infant. A pure Persian compound from now (new) and zâd (born), used for babies in the first weeks of life.
دف
Daf is the large frame drum used in Sufi ceremonies and Kurdish folk music. Wooden ring, single goat-skin head, metal rings inside that jingle when struck. B1 vocabulary tied to ritual and trance.
کمانچه
Kamânche is the 4-string spike-fiddle, played upright on the knee with a horsehair bow. Voice-like and singing, it became a global instrument through Kayhan Kalhor. B1 arts and culture vocabulary.
نی
Ney is the end-blown reed flute, one of the oldest instruments in Persian music. Rumi opens the Masnavi with the ney’s cry as the symbol of the soul yearning for its origin. B1 vocabulary.
سنتور
Santur is the 72-string hammered dulcimer that anchors the Persian classical orchestra. Played with two light wooden mallets, it produces a shimmering, harp-like cascade. B1 vocabulary for arts and culture learners.
تار
Târ is the 6-string long-necked lute at the center of Persian classical music. Wood body, mulberry face, played with a brass plectrum. Foundation A2 vocabulary for anyone serious about Iranian arts.
نان و پنیر
Nân-o panir means “bread and cheese.” The cultural shorthand for simple sustenance, modest hospitality, and the basic building block of an Iranian breakfast or impromptu meal.